Krak des Chevaliers Wikipedia. Krak des Chevaliers French pronunciation kak de valje Arabic, also Crac des Chevaliers, on al Akrd, Castle Alhsn, formerly Crac de lOspital, is a Crusader castle in Syria and one of the most important preserved medieval castles in the world. The site was first inhabited in the 1. Kurdish troops garrisoned there by the Mirdasids as a result it was known as Hisn al Akrad, meaning the Castle of the Kurds. In 1. 14. 2 it was given by Raymond II, Count of Tripoli, to the Knights Hospitaller. It remained in their possession until it fell in 1. It became known as Crac de lOspital the name Krak des Chevaliers was coined in the 1. The Hospitallers began rebuilding the castle in the 1. The order controlled a number of castles along the border of the County of Tripoli, a state founded after the First Crusade. Krak des Chevaliers was among the most important, and acted as a center of administration as well as a military base. After a second phase of building was undertaken in the 1. Krak des Chevaliers became a concentric castle. This phase created the outer wall and gave the castle its current appearance. Did you know that you can help us produce ebooks by proofreading just one page a day Do you deliberately avoid visiting friends who live in multistory buildings without an elevator No one would fault youhaving to climb even just a single flight. The first half of the century has been described as Krak des Chevaliers golden age. At its peak, Krak des Chevaliers housed a garrison of around 2,0. Such a large garrison allowed the Hospitallers to exact tribute from a wide area. From the 1. 25. 0s the fortunes of the Knights Hospitaller took a turn for the worse and in 1. Mamluk Sultan Baibars captured Krak des Chevaliers after a siege lasting 3. Hospitallers Grand Master that caused the Knights to surrender. Renewed interest in Crusader castles in the 1. Krak des Chevaliers, and architectural plans were drawn up. In the late 1. 9th or early 2. Download Free Elmo Wall Papers Design' title='Download Free Elmo Wall Papers Design' />The 5. French state, which carried out a program of clearing and restoration. When Syria declared independence in 1. Today, a village called al Husn exists around the castle and has a population of nearly 9,0. Krak des Chevaliers is located approximately 4. Homs, close to the border of Lebanon, and is administratively part of the Homs Governorate. Since 2. 00. 6, the castles of Krak des Chevaliers and Qalat Salah El Din have been recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. It was partially damaged in the Syrian civil war from shelling the full extent of the damage is unknown, but there have been reports of hasty repairs. EtymologyeditThe modern Arabic word for a castle is Kalaa, but Krak des Chavaliers is known as a Hosn, or fort. This derives from the name of an earlier fortification on the same site called on al Akrd, meaning fort of the Kurds. It was called by the Franks. Le Crat and then by a confusion with karak fortress, Le Crac. Crat was probably the Frankish version of Akrd, the word for Kurds. Download Free Elmo Wall Papers Design' title='Download Free Elmo Wall Papers Design' />Inside Social. The biggest and latest apps and platforms, plus trends and insights on the biggest online discussions. Noregistration upload of files up to 250MB. Not available in some countries. TEXTBOOK CEBS CMS GUIDE PDF EBOOKS epigrams wisconsin studies in classics scroll back travel in time to seek eternal life sandrys book circle of magic 1. Prologue Try to touch the past. Try to deal with the past. Its not real. Its just a dream. Ted Bundy. It didnt start out here. Not with the scramblers or. Advertising is an audio or visual form of marketing communication that employs an openly sponsored, nonpersonal message to promote or sell a product, service or idea. After the Knights Hospitaller took control of the castle, it became known as Crac de lOspital the name Crac des Chevaliers alternatively spelt Krak des Chevaliers was introduced by Guillaume Rey in the 1. Locationedit. Krak des Chevaliers overlooking the surrounding area. The castle sits atop a 6. Tartus, Syria, in the Homs Gap. On the other side of the gap, 2. Gibelacar Castle Hisn Ibn Akkar. The route through the strategically important Homs Gap connects the cities of Tripoli and Homs. To the north of the castle lies the Jebel Ansariyah, and to the south Lebanon. The surrounding area is fertile,3 benefiting from streams and abundant rainfall. Compared to the Kingdom of Jerusalem, the other Crusader states had less land suitable for farming however, the limestone peaks of Tripoli were well suited to defensive sites. Property in the County of Tripoli, granted to the Knights in the 1. Krak des Chevaliers, the towns of Rafanea and Montferrand, and the Beqaa plain separating Homs and Tripoli. Homs was never under Crusader control, so the region around the Krak des Chevaliers was vulnerable to expeditions from the city. While its proximity caused the Knights problems with regard to defending their territory, it also meant Homs was close enough for them to raid. Because of the castles command of the plain, it became the Knights most important base in the area. HistoryeditThe Levant in 1. Crusader states marked by a red cross and the region in 1. According to the 1. Arab historian Ibn Shaddad, in 1. Mirdasid emir of Aleppo and Homs, Shibl ad Dawla Nasr, established a settlement of Kurdish tribesmen at the site of the castle,1. Saf. 1. 1 Nasr restored Hisn al Safh to help reestablish the Mirdasids access to the coast of Tripoli after they lost nearby Hisn Ibn Akkar to the Fatimids in 1. Due to Nasrs garrisoning of Kurdish troops at the site, the castle became known as in al Akrd Castle of the Kurds. The castle was strategically located at the southern edge of the Jibal al Alawiyin mountain range and dominated the road between Homs and Tripoli. When building castles, Muslims often chose elevated sites, such as hills and mountains, that provided natural obstacles. In January 1. 09. Jerusalem during the First Crusade, the company of Raymond IV of Toulouse came under attack from the garrison of Hisn al Akrad, the forerunner of the Krak, who harried Raymonds foragers. The following day Raymond marched on the castle and found it deserted. The crusaders briefly occupied the castle in February of the same year but abandoned it when they continued their march towards Jerusalem. Permanent occupation began in 1. Tancred, Prince of Galilee took control of the site. The early castle was substantially different from the extant remains and no trace of this first castle survives at the site. The origins of the Knights Hospitaller are unclear, but the order probably emerged around the 1. Jerusalem. It started as a religious order which cared for the sick, and later looked after pilgrims to the Holy Land. After the success of the First Crusade in capturing Jerusalem in 1. Levant to the Hospital of St John. Early donations were in the newly formed Kingdom of Jerusalem, but over time the order extended its holdings to the Crusader states of the County of Tripoli and the Principality of Antioch. Evidence suggests that in the 1. Fulk, King of Jerusalem, granted the newly built castle at Beth Gibelin to the order in 1. A papal bull from between 1. There were also other military orders, such as the Knights Templar, which offered protection to pilgrims. Artist rendering of Krak des Chevaliers seen from the northeast. From Guillaume Rey tude sur les monuments de larchitecture militaire des croiss en Syrie et dans lle de Chypre 1. Between 1. 14. 2 and 1. Raymond II, Count of Tripoli, granted the order property in the county. According to historian Jonathan Riley Smith, the Hospitallers effectively established a palatinate within Tripoli. The property included castles with which the Hospitallers were expected to defend Tripoli. Along with Krak des Chevaliers, the Hospitallers were given four other castles along the borders of the state which allowed the order to dominate the area. The orders agreement with Raymond II stated that if he did not accompany knights of the order on campaign, the spoils belonged entirely to the order, and if he was present it was split equally between the count and the order. Download Tema Windows Xp Anime 2012 on this page. Raymond II could further not make peace with the Muslims without the permission of the Hospitallers. Store share your files with uploaded. 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